List of Courses for M.Sc. in Dairy and Meat Product Technology

List of Courses for M.Sc. in Dairy and Meat Product Technology

Course No	Course Title	Credits	Option
First Semester
AS 5109	Dairy Chemistry	2	Compulsory
AS 5119	Meat Science	2	Compulsory
AS 5123	Poultry Meat Processing and Egg Technology	2	Compulsory
AS 5124	Processing and Marketing of Fluid Milk	2	Compulsory
AS 5125	Processing of Dairy Products	2	Compulsory
AS 5198	Directed Study	2	Compulsory
AS 5199	Seminar	1	Compulsory
AS 5115	Laboratory Techniques in Animal Nutrition	2	Elective
AS 5120	Metabolic Endocrinology and Gastrointestinal Physiology	2	Elective
AS 5122	Physiology of Lactation	2	Elective
AS 5126	Quantitative and Molecular Genetics of Animals	2	Elective
AS 5127	Ruminant Nutrition	3	Elective
AS 5129	Selection Index and Mixed Model Methodology	3	Elective
AS 5131	Slaughter House Planning and Management	2	Elective
AS 5151	Biochemical genetics and Cytogenetics	2	Elective
AS 5197	Proposal Formulation and Scientific Writing	2	Elective
AS 5152	Environmental Impact Assessment	2	Elective
FT 5105	Food Microbiology	2	Elective
FT 5109	Food Analysis	3	Elective
FT 5110	Sensory Evaluation of Foods	1	Elective
FT 5114	Food and Nutrition	2	Elective
Second Semester
AS 5207	Dairy Engineering	2	Compulsory
AS 5216	Meat Processing Technology	2	Compulsory
AS 5217	Microbiology of Dairy, Meat, Fish and Egg Products	3	Compulsory
AS 5256	Slaughter House By-Product Technology	2	Compulsory
AS 5299	Industrial Visits-Dairy and Meat Product Technology	1	Compulsory
AS 5201	Advances in Forage Production and Utilization	2	Elective
AS 5202	Animal Biotechnology	3	Elective
AS 5213	Livestock Breeding	3	Elective
AS 5218	Non–Ruminant Animal Production	3	Elective
AS 5220	Ruminant Animal Production	3	Elective
AS 5221	Shrimp and Fish Processing	2	Elective
AS 5252	Animal Quarantine, Welfare and Legislation	1	Elective
FT 5201	Food Plant Layout and Operations	1	Elective
FT 5202	Food Regulations and Quality Management system	2	Elective
FT 5203	Production and Marketing Operations in Food Manufacturing Organizations	2	Elective
ST 5253	Crop and Animal Experimentation	3	Elective
CS 5228	Agricultural Research Management	3	Elective

COURSE CAPSULES OF THE BOARD OF STUDY IN ANIMAL SCIENCE

Courses Offered in the First Semester

       

            Aquaculture and Fisheries (3)

Importance of Aquaculture; Types of aquatic environments; Physical and chemical characteristics; Biota; Important biological characteristics of fishes; Principles of breeding, feeding and management of fish; Fishery potential of Sri Lanka; Fishing gear and methods of fishing; Pond fish culture; Reservoir Fisheries; Coastal Aquaculture; Marketing of fishery products; Feeds and Feeding. Impact of aquaculture on water resources; Mariculture.

            AS 5102. Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals (3)

Comparative anatomy and physiology of neuro-endocrine system, musculo-skeletal system, cardiovascular system, respiratory and urinary systems gastrointestinal system, reproductive system and mammary system of domestic livestock species. Photoperiodism in avians; Techniques in reproduction (semen technology, artificial insemination) of avians.

            AS 5103. Introduction to Animal Production (2)

            Status of the animal industry in Sri Lanka; Government programmes; Animal feed situation;         Classification and important characteristics of breeds of farm animals; Principles of housing,            breeding, feeding and general management of farm animals; Farm records.

            AS 5104. Principles of Animal Nutrition (2)

Review of metabolic roles, classification, importance, requirements and digestion of nutrients; Anti-nutritional factors in feeds; Feed additives; Principles of feed evaluation; Energy and protein evaluation of feeds; Estimation of nutrient requirements.

            AS 5105. Anatomy and Physiology of Fish (2)

Anatomy and physiology of fish and shell fish: nervous system, endocrine system, digestive system, reproductive system; osmoregulatory system, Physiology and endocrinology of growth, reproduction, thermo-regulation and osmoregulation.

            AS 5106. Aquaculture Based Farming Systems (2)

Different aquaculture based farming systems; Selection of fish species, culture systems and management; Mitigatory measures for pollution through aquaculture based farming systems; Rational resource utilization and aquaculture; Case studies, Applications to local situations; Benefits and constraints.

            AS 5107. Aquatic Microbiology and Fish Biotechnology (2)

Culturing, sampling and enumeration of microbes from water and aquatic food; Factors effecting the growth of microorganisms; Detection and identification of bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses from water; Pollution indicator organisms; Microbial problems associated with aquatic food products; Pathogenic microorganisms associated with fish and shellfish; Control of microbial problems in aquatic environment; Importance of Biotechnology over conventional methods; Ploidy manipulation of fish and production of Mon-sex fish for commercial purposes; Improvement of nutrition, growth, disease prevention of fish by bioencapsulation, microencapsulation and probiotics; Development of new fish species and strains using biotechnological application.

            AS 5108. Avian Reproduction, Embryology and Hatchery Management (2)

Poultry reproduction: Physiology of avian reproduction, Photoperiodism, Manipulation of reproduction, Techniques in reproduction (semen technology, artificial insemination),Embryology: Nature and scope of embryology; Physiochemical and biochemical properties of an egg; Gametes and fertilization; Process of cleavage; Establishment of germ layers; Formation of the primitive steak; Changes associated with embryonic growth; Extra embryonic membranes and their functions; Nutrition and other requirements of the embryo; Critical stages of embryonic development. Hatchery management: Production and selection of eggs for hatching; Systems of incubation; Types of incubators; Management and maintenance of incubators and equipment; Bio-security in hatcheries; Hatchery record keeping; Factors affecting hatchability, candling; Sexing, culling, handling and transportation of chicks; Regulations for franchise breeders.

            AS 5109. Dairy Chemistry (2)

Composition of milk and milk products; Milk constituents and their physico-chemical characteristics; Milk coagulation and protein denaturation; Milk clotting enzymes and cheese chemistry; Milk fermentation. Processing - induced changes of milk constituents; Nutritive value and health implications of milk & milk products; Quantitative analysis of milk and milk products; Testing of quality parameters related to dairy products.

            AS 5110. Fish and Shrimp Health Management (2)

Fish predators and diseases; Effect of predators in aquaculture and methods used to mitigate their effects; Predators and environment; Etiology of fish diseases; Disease diagnosis, control and prevention, Fish restraining; Effect of environment on diseases.

            Fisheries Management (3)

Introduction; History of fisheries management; Fisheries management areas; A fishery and the interaction of its components; Stock Assessment; Case studies in reservoir fisheries, coastal fisheries and deep sea fisheries; Regulations in fisheries management; General administrative functions; Delegation of responsibilities; Fisheries industry; Resource management technologies and tools; Coastal fisheries extension methodology; Effect of licensing; Collection of data; Welfare activities; Co- operative societies. Kattudel and Beach-seine fisheries  management; Top-bottom management; Community based fisheries management; Selected case studies ; Development of co- management and other suitable management strategies. Types of fishing gear and crafts; Active and fishing gear; Materials used and their effects; Monofilamentous nets; Gear construction; Efficiency of gear; Technology in gear and craft construction; Harvesting technology and systems; Effect of harvesting on the final quality.

            AS 5113. Fish Systemics and Morphometrics (2)

Principles of classification of biota; Development of identification keys for finfish and shellfish species; Cartilaginous and bony fishes; Basic morphology of finfish and shellfish; Meristic characters; Development of morphometrics; Specimen collection and preservation; Parameters used in nomenclature and classification of fish.

            AS 5114. Integrated Livestock Systems (3)

Introduction; Classification and description of farming systems in Sri Lanka; Concept of  complementarity, synergy and sustainability ; Mixed, integrated farming, linkages and  interactions between crop and livestock components; Livestock based farming systems with special reference to the different Agro-ecological zones and their cropping patterns in Sri Lanka; Resource base and their allocation for crop and livestock components; Criteria for monitoring and evaluating crop-livestock systems. Models to describe livestock based production systems; Data collection, recording and parameter definition; Livestock databases; Livestock simulation programs; Exercises on databases and simulation programs.

            AS 5115. Laboratory Techniques in Animal Nutrition (2)

Based on laboratory exercises. Laboratory safety, handling of glassware and equipment; Preparation of feed samples; Chemical analysis of animal feeds; Digestibility and metabolism experiments in farm animals by in-vitro, in-sacco and in-vivo methods; Estimation of microbial protein synthesis in the rumen.

            AS 5116. Laboratory Techniques in Fisheries and Water Quality (2)

Principles and use of laboratory equipment; Analysis of water for physical, chemical and  biological parameters; Techniques in analysis of fish and feed samples; Aquatic microbiology; Sampling and tagging; Quantitative and qualitative analysis of plankton.

            AS 5117. Layer and Parent Stock Management (3)

Review of the parent stock and layer industry in Sri Lanka; Production systems in Sri Lanka and the World; Planning of poultry farms; Criteria for selection of layers; Commercial breeds, crosses and their characters; Brooding and grower management; Management, housing, feeding of layers and parent stock; Management for continuous egg production and improved fertility; Feeding and egg quality.

            AS 5118. Mariculture and Mollusc Farming (2)

Mariculture: site selection, selection of species, culture systems and maintenance of equipment, feeds and feeding, coastal pollution, economics and constraints, corals and their role, Biology of mollusks, selection of suitable species, collection of spats, brackish water and coastal farming, deep water farming, depuration.

            AS 5119. Meat Science (2)

Introduction; Slaughtering of farm animals; Carcass quality; Structure of muscle; Composition of muscle; Conversion of muscle to meat; Eating quality of meat; Nutritive value of meat; Meat and health.

            AS 5120. Metabolic Endocrinology and Gastrointestinal Physiology (2)

History of endocrinology; Classes of hormones, modes of action, quantification of hormones; Neuro-endocrine system; Origin, chemistry, biosynthesis, specific mode of action and functions of metabolic hormones (pituitary hormones, adrenal hormones, thyroid hormones, pancreatic hormones, parathyroid hormones and gastro-intestinal hormones); Metabolic diseases.

            AS 5121. Monogastric Nutrition (3)

Review of digestion, absorption and metabolism of nutrients in monogastric animals. Review of the animal feed industry in Sri Lanka; Classification of feeds; Feedstuffs available in Sri Lanka; Quality of locally available feedstuffs; Nutrient requirements and feeding standards of chicken & swine; Feed microbiology and micotoxins; Feed processing methods and equipment; Animal feed legislation; Feed formulation. Practical feeding of poultry & swine. Metabolism of egg production; Fibre digestion in non-ruminants and the effects of dietary fibre; Recent advances in the use of feed additives; Special topics in pig and poultry nutrition. Balance experiments and metabolism trials, Respiration experiments, Advance topics on energy and protein evaluation. Pet food industry; Nutrient requirements of pet animals and pet birds; Special aspects of nutrition; Feed resources for pet food; Processing of pet food; Feeding standards and feeding of pet animals and birds.

            AS 5122. Physiology of Lactation (2)

Primitive and higher order mammals; Mammogenesis and endocrine control; Indices of  mammary growth and differentiation; Lactogenesis and endocrine regulation; Biosynthesis of milk components in ruminants and non ruminants; Lactation, galactopoiesis and endocrine control; Mechanism of milk secretion; Nutrient partitioning for lactation; Mammary gland involution; Metabolic and other disorders of the mammary gland.

            AS 5123. Poultry Meat Processing and Egg Technology (2)

Introduction to poultry meat industry; Processing fresh poultry; Quality of poultry carcass and maintenance; Microbiology of poultry meat; Composition and nutritive value of poultry meat; Poultry meat products and processing; Preservation of poultry meat: refrigeration, caning, dehydration, curing, and smoking; Poultry slaughter house layout; Poultry welfare and slaughter house regulation; Byproducts of poultry industry. Introduction to egg technology; Structure and composition of egg; Physical, chemical, nutritional and functional properties of egg, Egg quality; Grading of eggs; Storage of eggs; Processing of eggs; Microbiology of egg and egg products; Production of functional eggs; Quality assurance in production and processing of eggs.

            AS 5124. Processing and Marketing of Fluid Milk (2)

Global dairy industry; Production zones and milk collection network in Sri Lanka; Clean milk production; Processing and quality control of liquid milk products, concentrated and dry milk products; Dairy processing equipment; Dairy hygiene and sanitation of dairy plants; Administrative, commercial and legal aspects of milk procuring, handling and marketing.

            AS 5125. Processing of Dairy Products (2)

Manufacturing and Quality Management of fermented milk products; Butter; Ghee; Cheese; Frozen desserts; Cream-based products; Dairy plant waste             management and Whey processing

            AS 5126. Quantitative and Molecular Genetics of Animals (2)

Basic genetics; Single genes in a population; Forces changing gene frequency; Effective population size; Relationship and inbreeding; Genetic and phenotypic variance components; Estimation of heritability; Analysis of full-sibs and half-sibs; Pedigree analysis; Correlation among relatives; Genotype-Environment interaction; Specific and common environments; Repeatability; Prediction of breeding values; Selection intensity, accuracy and respond to selection; Molecular genetics in animals; Restriction enzymes; Recombinant DNA; DNA sequencing; PCR; DNA markers in animals; DNA fingerprinting; Gene mapping; Marker assisted selection; Breeding value and heritability estimation using SAS.

            AS 5127. Ruminant Nutrition (3)

Review of digestion, absorption and metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats in ruminants. Kinetics and theories of rumen fermentation; Methanogenesis & its control; Manipulation of rumen fermentation for better digestion and nutrient utilization; Importance of minerals in animal feeding; Absorption, metabolism and excretion of essential minerals; Interaction of minerals in animal body. Present problems related to feed resources, feeds and feeding of ruminants; Feed supplements and importance of supplementary feeding for ruminants; Balancing nutrients to improve productivity of ruminants; Application of biotechnology in animal nutrition. Modern techniques in the estimation of digestibility.

           

AS 5128. Reproductive Physiology of Farm Animals (3)

Sexual differentiation and development; Regulation of gonadal function; Physiology and endocrinology of puberty; Ovulation and its manipulation; Fertilization and implantation; Maternal recognition of pregnancy; Physiology of parturition and post-partum; Physiology and endocrinology spermatogenesis; Epididymal & accessory glandular functions; Sexual behaviour; Seasonality of reproduction in males and females; Nutrition and reproduction interaction; Disorders of reproduction in males & females.

            AS 5129. Selection Index and Mixed Model Methodology (3)

Matrix algebra; Prediction of breeding values: with own and relatives records, single and repeated records; Accuracy of prediction; Genetic gain and correlated response; Derivation of selection index; Formulation of indices with repeated and relatives records of multiple traits; Accuracy of indices; Restricted selection index; Determination of economic values; Constituent indices. Fixed, random and mixed models; Ordinary and generalized least squares; Estimability. Deviation of mixed model equations; Best linear unbiased prediction; Sire model , sire-maternal grand sire model, animal model; Relationship matrix; Multiple trait analysis; Repeated records; Group effects; Reduced animal model; Multiple trait analysis; Partition of phenotypic variance; Sib analysis; Henderson methods; Maximum likelihood and restricted maximum likelihood concepts; Computational aspects.

            AS 5130. Shrimp Production (3)

Global shrimp production; Reproduction biology of shrimps; Artificial spawning; Broodstock and selection; Management of post larval production systems; Site selection; Construction of backyard and intensive hatcheries; Hatchery and nursery management; Assessment of post larval quality; Transport of larvae. Shrimp farming systems; Use of supra-tidal and inter-tidal zones for farming; Feeds and feeding; Environmental pollution and mitigation; Water quality management; Harvesting & marketing of shrimp.

            AS 5131. Slaughter House Planning and Management (2)

Introduction; Site selection for slaughter house; Requirements and layout of slaughter house: Planning and design of slaughter houses; Sanitary and hygienic conditions; Slaughter house equipment; Operation and management; Labour management; Capital and running costs; HACCP.

            AS 5151. Biochemical Genetics and Cytogenetics (2)

Inborn errors metabolism; Sex limited inheritance; type of gene action and type of disease; Inherited Breeding disorders: sexual Abnormalities; Familial disorders; Liability and threshold; Multifactorial models; Genetic and environmental control of inherited diseases. Cytogenetics and animal breeding; Chromosomes and their identification; Standard kryotype of different farm animals; Sex determination; Chromosomal aberration; Frequency and effect of aberrations; Genetic polymorphism; Importance of cytogenetics in animal breeding.

            AS 5152. Livestock Bio-diversity and Conservation (2)

Definitions of Bio-diversity; Levels of Bio-diversity; Livestock diversity and its importance; Agro-biodiversity and livestock diversity; Livestock Production Systems and diversity; Animal genetic resources; Conservation of animal genetic resources; World states of conservation of AnGR; Sri Lankan situation of conservation AnGR; Tools for genetic conservation of livestock; Monitoring genetic diversity using DNA technology; Community participation in AnGR  conservation and Livestock bio-diversity; Research and policy priorities.

            AS 5154. Tropical Animal Production I (3)

Breeds and breeding of poultry species (chicken, ducks, turkey, guinea fowl and quails), pigs and rabbits; swine and rabbit production systems in tropical countries; planning of houses to hot/humid environments; Feed resources for non-ruminants and compounded feed industry in tropical countries; General management practices of layers, broilers, swine and rabbits under tropical conditions, Product technologies under tropical conditions.

            AS 5197. Proposal Formulation and Scientific Writing (2)

Definitions; Writing a primary research article: Title and Introduction; Justification of research problem, literature search, research hypothesis and objectives; Materials and methods; Results; what to present, how to present, use of statistics in presentation of results; Discussion; Assembling the discussion, development of arguments, balancing arguments; Abstract, References; referencing styles, use of references in scientific articles; Writing a research proposal, critique and scientific review

            AS 5198. Directed Study (2)

            Candidates will be required to carry out an independent research project on a topic related to the   area of specialization and recommended by the advisor. The minimum period of Project will be        5 months. The above research project report should be completed and the findings presented at a    seminar before the degree is awarded.

            AS 5199. Seminar (1)

7.5.9.2 Courses Offered in the Second Semester

     

             AS 5201. Advances in Forage Production and Utilization (2)

            Role of forages in productive Agriculture; Novel techniques of forage Evaluation; Forage -          Animal- soil relationships; Importance of trees & shrubs in animal feeding; Nutritional limit to     animal production from tropical forages; Identification and mitigation; Importance of forage       conservation in tropics; Advances in forage conservation as silage and hay; Feed conservation; Biological residues; Measurement of forage intake by grazing ruminants

            AS 5202. Animal Biotechnology (3)

            Principles and techniques used in animal reproduction: Semen technology, Artificial              insemination; Superovulation; Surgical and ultra sound guided oocyte retrieval; In vitro    maturation of oocytes; In vitro fertilization, Intra- cytoplasmic spermatozoa injection; In vitro       embryo culture; Embryo transfer; Transgenic animal technology. Principles and techniques used          in animal nutrition: Use of molecular techniques to study and manipulate rumen function;          Reduction of Methanogenesis; .Use of nuclear and colorimetric techniques for the estimation of    rumen microbial protein supply; Use of nuclear and related techniques for predicting and    improving the efficiency of feeding ruminants on tanniniferous tree foliage; Biodegradation of             lignocellulosic materials.

           

AS 5203. Animal-Environment Interactions (2)

Abiotic and biotic environment; Thermal environment; Thermoregulation; Integrated behavioral, biochemical, physiological and morphological responses; Thermal stress; Genotype- environment interactions; Photic environment; Biological rhythms, Pineal gland; Physiological basis of photoperiodism; Altitude and its effects; Biological environment; Nutrition as an environmental factor; Effects of nutrition on production and reproduction; Psychometrics; Environmental modifications.

       

            AS 5204. Aquatic Resources Management (2)

Water as a resource; Physical and chemical properties of aquatic resources and biota; Environmental laws and aquatic resources management, Water harvesting; Anthropogenic influence and role of fish in aquatic resources; Influence of introduced fish on the aquatic ecosystems; Aquatic pollution and mitigation; Strategies for aquatic resources management.

       

            AS 5205. Avian Health and Hygiene (2)

Nature and importance of poultry health and hygiene; Role of disease control measures in the development of the poultry industry; Management skills in maintaining flock hygiene; Effect of housing and feeding on health; Viral and bacterial diseases, parasitic infestations, and their control; Hatchery sanitation and disease control operations; Egg borne diseases and transmission; Nutritional disorders and prevention; Vaccination procedures, schedules and techniques.

            AS 5206. Broiler Production (2)

Review of the broiler industry in Sri Lanka; Selection and breeding of broilers; Planning of broiler farms; Management of broilers: housing, feeding and disease prevention; Factors  affecting broiler performance; Feeding and meat quality; Cost-benefit analysis of broiler production; Broiler production systems in Sri Lanka and the World.

            AS 5207. Dairy Engineering (2)

            Power transmission; Electrical power and equipment; Hydraulics and pumping; Heat    measurement, transfer and control; Steam and its uses in dairy; Principles of refrigeration; Insulation and cold storage rooms; Heaters-coolers, heat-exchange equipment and milk storage   tanks; Homogenizing, pasteurizing and sterilizing equipment; Evaporation and drying          equipment; Can washing equipment; Bottle washers, fillers and cappers; Equipment for cream,   butter and fluid milk handling; Cheese plant equipment; Equipment maintenance; Dairy plant     design, construction, materials and utilization; Dairy plant automation; Energy and its use in   Dairy plant.

            AS 5255 Fish Farm Designing, Construction and Management (2)

            Site selection; Environment impact assessment; Principles of designing and planning,         Construction program; Constructions of fish ponds and hatchery jars; Pumps and pumping; Aeration and flow patterns; Maintenance and record keeping, Budgeting; Mitigation of environmental problems

            AS 5209. Fish Feeds and Nutrition (3)

            Nutritional requirements and deficiencies of shellfish and fin-fish larvae, post-larvae and adults;

            Digestion, absorption and metabolism of nutrients in fish; Forms of fish feeds; Feed quality;

            Application of HACCP system for feed management; Feed storage and packing; Preparation     and processing of fish feeds; Supplementary and complete feeds; Additives in compounded           feeds; Formulation of feeds, Methods of feeding and feeding standards; Nutrients and energy        balance experiments. Role of live food organisms in Aquaculture; Selection of live food   organisms for hatcheries; Techniques used in mass culture, isolation and application to local     conditions; Management of cultures.

            AS 5210. Fish Population Dynamics (2)

            Catch and effort statistics, fish growth, age composition, length-weight relationship; von      Bertalanffy, Ford, Brody and logistic curves; Total, natural and fishing mortalities; Equilibrium    among reproduction, natural mortality and fishing intensity; Estimation of population size:          Petersen estimates, swept area method, Leslie s method, Stratified sampling; Virtual population             and cohort analysis; Yield-per-recruit assessment; Surplus-yield models; Multispecies models;            Model development and parameter estimation using computer packages.

            AS 5211. Genetics and Breeding of Fish (2)

Structure and behavior of fish chromosomes; Evolution of Karyotypes and fish species; Selection of brood fish and their characteristics; Breeding techniques; Production of different desired strains for commercial aquaculture; Development of fish breeds; Mutation and Lethal genes in fishes; Pleiotrophic effects; Sex determination and non-chromosomal heredity; Genetic differences among cultured, wild and aquarium fishes; Inheritance of economic traits; Selection methods for qualitative traits in ornamental fish; Development and maintenance of colours and shapes; Genetic variability of qualitative traits; Breedable population; Estimation of genetic parameters; Offspring-parent regression; Formation of varieties and inbred lines; Hatchability; Survival and growth of young fish with inbreeding; Exploitation of heterosis; Hybridization and breeding strategies for different fish species.

            AS 5212. Genetics and Breeding of Poultry (2)

Poultry Breeding: Evaluation of fowl species; types of poultry breeds; Karyotype of domestic fowl; Sex determination and sex linked inheritance; Genes controlling feathers, muscles, nerve and skeleton; Lethal genes in domestic fowl; Traits of economic importance; Heritability estimates: Correlation Among traits; Breeding objectives, Selection; Performance recording; Inbreeding in poultry; Breeding stock; Development of lines and strains; Cross breeding methods; Breeding of miscellaneous poultry species.

            AS 5213. Livestock Breeding (3)

Traits of economic importance of dairy cattle, beef cattle, buffaloes, goats and swine; Breeding objectives; Economic aspects of breeding; Profit maximization and efficiency; Selection deferential; Intensity and Accuracy of selection; Response to selection; Generation interval; Rate of genetic gain; Selection criteria for different animal species; Single trait and Multiple traits selection; Prediction of breeding value; Correlation between traits; Genetic abnormalities; Inbreeding depression; Development of breeds, varieties, lines and strains; Cross breeding methods; Individual, maternal and parental heterosis; Genetic and environmental interaction; Synthetic breeds; Use of reproductive technologies in animal breeding; Breeding methods for cattle, buffaloes, goat and swine; Design of breeding programs for different species; Breeding policy planning.

           

            AS 5214. Livestock Health and Hygiene (2)

            Regulations and acts related to contagious diseases; Livestock diseases of major importance;    Risks associated with importation of animals and products; Livestock sanitation, prevention,            control and eradication of diseases of farm animals; Internal and external parasites and their         control; Basic principles of disease recognition and prevention; Survey design, principles of       zero monitoring, disease surveillance; Handling of major injuries; Simple surgery;            Environmental pollution and prevention; Laws governing environmental protection; Use of       Ethno-Veterinary animal health practices. Basic Principles of disease recognition; Control and        preventing bacterial, viral, protozoan and fungal diseases of livestock; Internal and external parasites and their control; Prevention and control of mastitis; metabolic diseases; Disease             surveillance and epidemiology; Pathological conditions and disorders of reproductive system.

            AS 5215. Marine Fisheries Management (2)

            Classification of marine waters and fisheries resources, Law of the Sea and international laws;      Case law in marine fisheries; Technology development and management issues; Effect of fish     and fisherman migration on management; Case studies in fisheries management.

            AS 5216. Meat Processing Technology (2)

            Introduction; Meat processing using chemicals; Processing of meat: sausage making, curing and     smoking; Meat cookery and cooked meat products; Preservation of meat by chemicals,     radiation, low temperatures, high temperatures, drying and fermentation; Testing of quality        parameters related to meat products.

            AS 5217. Microbiology of Dairy, Meat, Fish and Egg Products (3)

Classification of bacteria, fungi and viruses encountered in food; Micro-organisms associated with milk; Microbiology of raw milk and heat-treated fluid milk products; Control and destruction of micro-organisms; Types, metabolism and bacteriophages of starter cultures; Microbiology of cheese, fermented milk, butter & cream, frozen desserts and dry & concentrated milk products; Quality management in dairy industry; Importance of probiotics and prebiotics in dairy products;         The incidence and types of micro-organisms in meats, poultry, eggs and sea food; Spoilage of fresh and cured meats, poultry, eggs and sea foods; Determining of microbial populations in above food products; Dairy, meat, fish and egg borne diseases and zoonotic diseases. 

            AS 5218. Non-ruminant Animal Production (3)

            Management of pigs: Genetic selection and breeding; Growth, reproduction and lactation;         Feeding management; Planning of swine farms; Housing; Management of stock. Management of            rabbits: Planning of rabbit farms; Breeds; Breeding, selection and reproduction; Housing and          equipment; Rabbit production systems; Record keeping; Handling and management of kids,            growers, does and bucks of rabbits; Health and diseases; Slaughtering process. Importance of   microlivestock; Breeds, management and production of crocodile, wildboar, ant eaters, pole-         cats and wild cats. Origin and domestication of miscellaneous poultry species; Breeds of ducks,             turkeys, geese, guinea fowl, Japanese Quails, Ostrich, Pigeons, Swans and Peafowl; Their   importance and utility; Methods and practices of rearing; Special aspects of management of the     above species; Housing requirements; Nutrient requirements; Feeding standards and production     rates; Disease control.

            AS 5219. Ornamental Fisheries Management (3)

Ornamental fish and aquatic plant industry; Global situation; Types and scales of ornamental fish farms; Maintenance of fresh water and marine ornamental fish tanks; Ornamental aquatic plants; Management of ornamental fish and aquatic plants; Selection of species for commercial production, Development of a commercial farm, Broodstock and back ups; Farm lay out; Management strategies for sustainable development; Specialized harvesting technologies; Mitigatory measures for genetical, mutational and disease conditions; Trade; Important aquatic plants; Methods of collection, propagation and transport; Export requirements; Legal aspect of import and export of ornamental fish and aquatic plants; Environmental issues.

            AS 5220. Ruminant Animal Production (3)

Dairy cattle production: Critical analysis of dairy production systems in the different agro- climatic zones of Sri Lanka; Evaluation of available resources for dairy animal production; Planning cattle, buffalo &, goat farms for commercial milk production; Their management during different stages of productive life; Factors influencing production of quality milk. Beef production: Breeds, Growth and development, Management of calves, beef cows and bulls, Fattening of beef cattle and fattening systems; Judging of beef cattle. Goat and sheep production: Present status, potentials and constraints; Feed resources and strategic feeding; feeding, social and sexual behavior; Advances in reproduction, breeding and health; management for sustainability and high productivity. Management and production of deer and elk.

            AS 5221. Shrimp and Fish Processing (2)

Gross chemical composition of fish and shrimp; Post-harvest biochemical changes in fish and shrimp; Grading and processing of shrimp; Processing and preservation of fish; Utilization of by-products from fish and shrimp processing industries; HACCP in fisheries industries.

            AS 5222. Wildlife Ecology (3)

            Introduction to wildlife ordinance; Wildlife as integral component of ecosystem; Potentials and             limitation of wild life management; Social and feeding behaviour; Feed resources and feeding    pattern; Habitat conservation and development; Zoonotic diseases; Human-animal conflict & competition; Non-consumptive value of wildlife.

            AS 5223 Fish Seed Production and Larval Rearing (3)

            Endocrinology of fish reproduction; Modification of reproduction; ovulation induction,        Collection of fish and spawning methods; Artificial and semi-artificial propagation;   Hypophysation: isolation, extraction, preservation and administration of pituitary glands;         Ovarian biopsy, Preservation of gametes; Management of brood stock; Estimation of eggs, post          larvae, fry and fingerlings; Nutrition of post-larvae, fry and fingerlings.

            AS 5251. Advances in Equine Nutrition and Feeding (2)

            Concentrate and roughage feeds; Types of feeds; Digestive system and digestion of             carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the peptic stomach and small intestine; Hind gut              fermentation and microbiology; Nutritional requirements for different functions and growth             stages; Poisonous substances in feeds; Nutritional disorders.

            AS 5252. Animal Quarantine, Welfare and Legislation (1)

            Introduction; Quarantine requirements for import and export of animals and products; Animal

            welfare norms and regulations; Animal experimentation and welfare; Legislation and      implementation.

            AS 5253. Animal Waste Handling and Management (2)

            Introduction; Defining and understanding the problems related to waste disposal; Waste collection and characteristics: Poultry, Dairy, Swine, other animals; Waste management: Control             of animal waste pollutants, In- house alterations, Lagoons; Waste utilization: Methane, Fuels,    Manure; Treatment of livestock wastes. Statistics of fish wastes; Trawler and fish processing       wastes; Characteristics of fish wastes; Effluent discharge to sedimentation tanks; Waste water         and recirculation systems; Effects of fish wastes on environment; Use of probiotics; Regulations            on waste handling.

            AS 5254. Tropical Animal Production II (3)

            Adaptation of breeds of ruminants (cattle, buffaloes, goats and sheep) to tropical environments;             Critical analysis of ruminant production systems in the tropics; Evaluation of available          resources and constraints for ruminant animal production; Feeds and feeding strategies for        ruminants; Reproduction, breeding, disease control, housing and product processing in    ruminants under tropical conditions.

            AS 5256. Slaughter House By-product Technology (2)

            Introduction; Processing of by-products: blood, organ meat, offal, horns, bones, hoof wool, hair           and feather; Nutritive value of by-products; Utilization of by-products: pet food, gelatin,    pharmaceutical, bile acid, enzymes and hormones, meat and blood meal, bone meal;          Manufacturing of lard, tallow; Silage production. Leather Processing Technology; Pre- and       Post-slaughter care of skins; Quality control of skins during storage; Tanning of Skins; Drying     and colouring of leather; Final treatment of processed leather; Factors influencing the yield of processed leather from raw material.

            AS 5297. Field Visits -Animal Science (1)

            AS 5298. Industrial Visits - Poultry Science and Technology (1)

            Visits to poultry feed manufacturers: poultry breeders: small, medium and commercial scale       poultry producers: processing units/plants; Visits to government and non-government poultry        farms. Assessment will be based on the report submitted by the candidates after every field visit.

            AS 5299. Industrial Visits - Dairy and Meat Science Technology (1)

            Visits to cattle feed manufacturers: cattle breeders: small, medium and commercial scale dairy      producers: processing units/plants; Visits to government and non-government dairy farms.        Assessment will be based on the report submitted by the candidates after every field visit.

            Visits to poultry/pig processing units/plants;: poultry/pig breeders: small, medium and      commercial scale poultry/livestock producers: Visits to government and non-government     poultry/livestock farms. Assessment will be based on the report submitted by the candidates             after every field visit.